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Goldmann applanation tonometry

Eye Care ≈ ¥80-180

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Description

Estimated cost for Goldmann applanation tonometry at general public hospitals in China is about ¥55-145, and at Grade 3A hospitals about ¥80-180, varying by hospital tier and region.

Main Uses

Goldmann applanation tonometry is the clinical gold standard for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP); it is primarily used for glaucoma screening, diagnosis, and longitudinal monitoring; essential preoperatively (e.g., before cataract or refractive surgery), postoperatively (e.g., after glaucoma filtration surgery), and in evaluating suspected ocular hypertension or secondary IOP elevation due to trauma, inflammation, or medication use.

Normal Range

Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) normal intraocular pressure (IOP) range is 10–21 mmHg in adults; values below 10 mmHg are considered low, and above 21 mmHg are considered elevated. Diurnal variation of ±3 mmHg is typical, with peak IOP often occurring in the early morning (6–8 AM).

Low Values - Possible Causes

Hypotony (IOP < 5 mmHg) may result from: 1) Post-surgical complications (e.g., bleb leak after trabeculectomy or wound leak after cataract surgery), 2) Chronic uveitis with ciliary body atrophy or hyposecretion, 3) Retinal detachment causing reduced aqueous production or increased outflow, 4) Ocular trauma with cyclodialysis cleft, 5) Advanced glaucoma surgery failure or overfiltration.

High Values - Possible Causes

Elevated IOP (>21 mmHg) may be caused by: 1) Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 2) Angle-closure glaucoma (acute or chronic), 3) Steroid-induced ocular hypertension, 4) Pseudoexfoliative or pigmentary glaucoma, 5) Secondary causes such as intraocular inflammation (uveitis), hyphema, or vitreous hemorrhage obstructing aqueous outflow.

Goldmann applanation tonometry intraocular pressure measurement glaucoma diagnostic test

≈ ¥80-180